Friday, March 6, 2015

Nature or Nurture: A City’s Effect on a Musical Genius

An ancient African proverb says that it takes a village to raise a child. While not actually a village, the San Juan Hill neighborhood in midtown Manhattan “was like a little village. Everybody knew everybody” (Kelley).  It was from this neighborhood that Thelonious Monk developed his unique and genius style of jazz. Much in the way that jazz was created as an eclectic mix of music from all of the different cultures of New Orleans, Monk’s distinct style of jazz drew from the unique and eclectic San Juan Hill neighborhood where he grew up.
            After moving from North Carolina, the Monk family took up residence in the San Juan Hill neighborhood of midtown New York City. The neighborhood boasted a large black population comprised of families from all over the world (Kelley). As a child, Thelonious would grow up with people from the South like himself, along with those from the Bahamas and West Indies among others (Kelley). One of the trademarks of this neighborhood was the music, as the “Black Bohemia” that San Juan Hill was encompassed in had the largest concentration of Black Musicians in the city prior to the Harlem Renaissance (Kelley). It felt like every household in the neighborhood had an instrument, inducing the Monk’s, who acquired a piano that Thelonious would learn to play on (Kelley). This neighborhood’s appreciation for the arts provided Thelonious with the support he needed to foster the creativity within. As such, “the most important influence on Monk’s early development as a musician and as a young man wasn’t a person but an institution— the Columbus Hill Neighborhood Center “(Kelley). This venue provided Thelonious a place to experiment and hone his genius. Additionally, it allowed him to see others play and be exposed to a variety of styles and backgrounds which greatly influenced his music.
Looking back at a competition he lost as a child that would have provided him witha scholarship to Julliard, Monk replied that, “I’m glad I didn’t go to the conservatory. Probably would’ve ruined me!” (Kelley). This helps to explain what is meant by the saying “Jazz is New York, man!” Jazz was created in New Orleans as a product of the variety of cultures and ethnicities that lived there, much in the same way that New York is a creation of all of the different ethnicities who moved there and created the city’s distinct neighborhoods. Additionally, jazz is not formal, at least not in Monk’s mind. Jazz is creative, distinct, and rough around the edges; just like the neighborhood he grew up in.
 The film Leimert Park describes jazz’s relationship with the community in the same way as Kelley. For both, jazz is used as a way for the musicians to express what is going on around them. Jazz, and art as a whole, can serve as a tool that brings a neighborhood together and turns it into a community. The Columbus Hill Neighborhood Center was to San Juan Hill what the World Stage is to Leimert Park, providing a space for artistic expression and ethnic collaboration. While both communities experienced a tremendous amount of violence, both found that jazz and art can serve as means to foster relationships and build a sense of community.
Overall, jazz musicians, like most people, derive a great deal of who they are based on where they are from. Our homes are more than where we live. They represent what we are exposed to, who we interact with, what ideas we are exposed to, and this all works to forge who an individual is, and who they become.

Comment: Phil Coren

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